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International Literacy Day

Introduction:

International Literacy Day originated with the aid of UNESCO in 1967, is an annual consciousness day that marks the significance of literacy to all international locations and cultures. Since 1967, International Literacy Day (ILD) celebrations have taken vicinity yearly around the globe to remind the general public of the significance of literacy as a matter of dignity and human rights, and to improve the literacy schedule toward an extraordinarily literate and sustainable society.

Despite development occurred, literacy-demanding situations persist with at least 773 million young people and adults lacking basic literacy skills today. Although great progress has been made in enhancing literacy rates in the more than fifty years since the first International Literacy Day, illiteracy still prevails as a global problem. 

Literacy as a Wealth:

Literacy is crucial for suitable social and personal human development. Basic literacy abilities equip individuals to convert their lives through enhancing their general widespread standard of living, and in other means stimulate the same old style for wondrous communities. When Sir Francis Bacon first posted in his work, Meditations Sacra (1597), the saying: “recognition itself is power”, he most likely wanted to transmit the idea that having and sharing knowledge is the cornerstone of reputation and influence, and therefore power; all achievements emanate from this.

Literacy strengthens a significant role in eliminating gender, race, nationality, and religious inequality that favors one group over another, that is called as discrimination, in access to education, property, employment, health care, legal, and civic participation. Literacy magnifies “lifelong learning” and builds skills.

Types of Literacy:

Types of literacy are of following categories:

  • Media literacy.
  • Cultural literacy.
  • Financial literacy.
  • Scientific literacy.
  • Information literacy.
  • Critical literacy.

The Lowest Literacy Rate Countries:

The countries with the lowest literacy rate, defined as the ability to read and write at a specified age. The figures given are from 2015, the last year in which UNESCO did a global analysis.


Lowest Literacy Rates.

1. South Sudan 27.0%
2. Afghanistan 28.1
3. Niger 28.7
4. Burkina Faso 28.7
5. Mali 33.4

Why is Literacy Important in Early Childhood?

Having a strong basis in early literacy capabilities is essential to children`s future studying performance. Early literacy improvement starts within the first three years of child’s existence and helps their future language improvement, studying, writing, and typical learning. If a child can’t read, they can’t learn.

Learning to read in the first years of primary school is critical for reservation and success in future grades. Literacy is the cornerstone of development. It leads to better health, better employment opportunities, safer and more stable societies. Literacy is the cornerstone of improvement. It ends in higher health and higher employment remarkably.

21st Century Literacy Skills:

21st Century Literacy skills can be explained as “literacy skills increasingly reflect technology use and the abilities essential to problem-solve, collaborate, and present information through multimedia.”

Three Domains of Early Literacy:

These domains include listening comprehension, oral language, and phonological awareness.

Traditions of the Literacy Day:

Literacy is a blessing regularly taken for granted. Reading is critical in our everyday lives. Navigating via the globe without being capable of examining or writing is hard and is a blockade for experiencing such a lot of things. On International Literacy Day, institutions and people take charge and use their literacy to inspire and help groups that are dealing with problems on the way to examine and write.

Students and hired human beings volunteer to coach children within the community, books are generously donated to libraries, and a student`s training and mastering are subsidized to release their long-lasting success.

Institutions and government- and global corporations marketing campaign for literacy on the grassroots level, in addition to host think tanks and dialogue boards to strategize and put into effect the fine rules for the eradication of illiteracy. They additionally host fundraisers for the cause. A topic is decided about International Literacy Day each year, that’s used as a manner to construct awareness around unique issues. 

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An Organized Nation

Introduction:     

British are known for their organizing skills. They beautifully manage crowds and rush by forming an orderly queue in any crowded location, from a theatre door to airport security. Queuing and making organized lines comes naturally to all British people. They are perfect at avoiding chaos.

According to social historians, it’s actually all a bit of a myth. However, there is evidence to suggest that it was born from the Brits wanting to create fairness and equality among their peers.

Queue Culture:

Queue culture developed to regulate life and to minimize the amount of suffering experienced while waiting. The queue culture provides direction on such matters as place-keeping privileges, sanctions against pushing in, and rights of temporary absence from the waiting line.

A common British trait is that despite everybody in the queue being annoyed with someone who has pushed in, very few people will ask that person to go to the back of the queue.  British people do not like to cause a scene by arguing.

Historical Reference:

The first notable instances of Britons adhering to the queuing format came from the early 19th century, the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. As cities began to grow bigger, larger numbers of people started to gravitate to them for work. Naturally, this influx of people required everyone to create a more structured way to do everyday things, such as posting letters at the post office and buying things at local shops, to help ensure these tasks could be done as quickly and effectively as before.

The Brits’ reputation for being civilized queues, however, was born in wartime Britain. During such a period of uncertainty that was brought with the arrival of the Second World War, the government was keen to retain as much order as possible, resulting in propaganda addressing people to ‘do duty and wait for turn’ when it came to activities such as collecting rations. Ever since then, forming a queue has been instilled in the nature of the Brit, and has become an almost humorous characteristic to tourists. Queuing, it’s what the British are renowned for doing and doing very well.

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World Nutrition Day

Historical Background:

National Nutrition Week was initiated in March 1973 by the members of the American Dietetic Association (now the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics) to deliver the nutrition education message to the public while promoting the profession of dietetics. In 1980 the public showed great response towards it and the weeklong celebration expanded to become a month-long observance. This year’s theme, celebrates a World of Flavors, embraces global cultures, cuisines and inclusivity, plus showcases the expertise of registered dietitian nutritionists.

In the year 1982 National Nutrition week celebration was started by the Central Government in India. The campaign was started to spread awareness and encourage people as a society to understand the importance of nutrition and adopt a healthy, sustainable lifestyle. We all know that malnutrition is one of the main hurdles in the overall development of a country which is necessary to overcome and curb it National Nutrition Week is celebrated.

Importance of Nutrition:

World Nutrition Day “” is a large scale, worldwide action project designed to reduce disease related malnutrition among hospitalized patients and nursing home residents. The aim of this project is to increase awareness and knowledge regarding disease related malnutrition in hospitalized patients and the elderly.

The importance cannot be stated enough for maintaining the body’s overall health and wellbeing. “New realities mean that we need to look at food and diet in a new way. It’s important to restrict one’s diet without compromising on nutrition.

Nutrition is the practice of consuming and utilizing foods. Food provides our body with energy, protein, essential fats, vitamins, and minerals to live, grow, and function properly. Therefore, a balanced diet is important for good health and well-being. It is said that an unhealthy diet increases the risk of many diet-related diseases.

Good nutrition has many benefits as follows:

 Good nutrition helps to manage a healthy weight, maintains the immune system, and provides energy, delays the effect of aging, reduces the risk of chronic diseases, healthy eating also affects your mood positively; it increases life span and focuses.

Infact the human body requires seven major types of nutrients. All the nutrients don’t provide energy but still are important like water and fiber. Even micronutrients are also important but are required in smaller amounts. The essential organic compounds are vitamins that the body cannot synthesize.

Malnutrition:

Malnutrition is a physical state of an unbalanced nutrition level. It can be due to undernutrition or overnutrition. Undernutrition can be caused due to a lack of calories, protein, or other nutrients. On the other hand, overnutrition is eating too many calories. Someone eats more calories than their body needs and leads to a malnourished condition.

Maybe they are not eating nutritious food like fruits, vegetables, proteins, whole grains, etc., which can result in vitamin, mineral, or protein deficiencies. Malnutrition especially in young children can lead to stunted growth, developmental delays, and more sickness due to poor immune function. It is important that malnutrition is diagnosed in a timely manner.

Good Nutrition:

“Diet is the essential key to all successful healing. Without a proper balanced diet, the effectiveness of herbal treatment is very limited. Good nutrition will prevent 95 percent of all diseases.”

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Splendid Snow Boot

Splendid Snow Boot is waterproof and well-insulated, so your feet will stay toasty and dry no matter the weather. It’s super soft, warm, and is great for snow. When you have ankle pain from an old injury, arthritis, or tendonitis, having something that can mimic a brace, it might be a mid-calf or higher cut, that can be the most supportive. That one also has a very comfortable foot made to walk in.

It is manufactured with a waterproof leather outer material, the winter-ready boots have a non-slip sole that’s designed to prevent any falls on ice or in the snow. Better yet: they can stand up to temps as low as -25 degrees Fahrenheit, according to the brand, so you can rest easy knowing that your feet will stay warm and toasty.

Snow boot keeps your feet very warm and dry. Even a half size bigger to give a little room for thick socks or hand warmers and it was perfect. It’s super easy to slip on and off as well and fit snug and keep snow from coming in the top. They are stylish and very comfortable, and impressed everyone at once. The grip on ice is pretty good and awesome.

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Tea Lover Brits

Introduction:

British people take their tea with milk, sugar, lemon or just plain, it’s clear that they have a fondness for its flavor. This particular stereotype is 100% true! If you are wondering what are British people like as far as their tea habits are concerned, if you are invited to someone’s house, the chances are they will offer you a ‘cuppa’. It’s a good idea to learn how to make the traditional British cup of tea as soon as possible.

Bitter Facts:

There’s something about that firm bitterness that sparks devotion: the British consume 60 billion cups per year, according to the Tea and Infusions Organization. That’s more than 900 cups a year for every man, woman and child in Great Britain – though we no doubt all know someone who likes many more than that.

Tea has become entrenched in the British way of life, from the humble tea break to the afternoon tea to be enjoyed – in a jacket and tie, of course, gentlemen – at the very swankiest of London hotels.

Tea Production:

Tea’s flavor is intimately affected by how it is grown, processed, and beginning with the light. Tea bushes – Latin name camellia sinesis – are grown in terraces all over the tropics and subtropics. But if the intent is to make certain kinds of green tea from them, like matcha, growers will make sure they are carefully shaded with nets or mats. Less sun causes them to produce more chlorophyll as well as fewer polyphenols, a class of molecules that imparts tea’s singular astringency.

Multiple Kinds of Teas:

Britain’s tea-drinking habits may not be as widespread as you think, however. Many Brits prefer a cup of coffee and other teas, such as mint, green and red bush tea, are also popular. Similarly, it’s unlikely that you’ll experience many tea breaks. In fact, if someone invites you to their house for tea, the chances are you’ll be eating rather than drinking as the word tea is commonly used to describe dinner.

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Traditional Christmas Cakes

Christmas cake is a type of cake, often fruitcake, served at Christmas time in many countries. The Christmas cake is a December highlight that brings the family together for sharing laughter, memories and warm family stories. Christmas cake is an English tradition that began as plum porridge.

People ate the porridge on Christmas Eve, using it to line their stomachs after a day of fasting. For Christmas, they made a similar cake using seasonal dried fruit and spices. The spices represented the exotic eastern spices brought by the Wise Men.

The American tradition of eating fruitcake around the holidays stemmed from the British tradition, when the dessert was sometimes called Christmas cake or plum cake.

A cake that may also be served at Christmas time in the United Kingdom, in addition to the traditional Christmas cake, is known as a “Yule Log, or chocolate log”. This is a Swiss roll that is coated in chocolate, resembling a log.

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Black Friday

Black Friday

Supper sale of the year with astonishing cheap rates:

Black Friday is a fantastic day, with many retailers opening up at 5 am or even earlier to hordes of people waiting anxiously outside the windows. Most of the large retailers post their Black Friday ad scans, coupons, discount rates, and offers online beforehand to give consumers time to find out about sales and plan their purchases.

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Cyber Crime

CyberCrime is defined as a crime where a computer is the object of the crime or is used as a tool to commit an offense. Here is the use of a computer as an instrument to further illegal ends, such as committing fraud, trafficking in child pornography and intellectual property, stealing identities, or violating privacy.

Cybercrime is a crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target. Cybercrime may harm someone’s security and financial health.

Kinds of Cyber Crime:

  • Cyberextortion
  • Email and internet fraud.
  • Ransomware attacks 
  • Identity fraud (where personal information is stolen and used).
  • Theft of financial or card payment data.
  • Theft and sale of corporate data.
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Poverty

Poverty is an economic state where people are experiencing scarcity or the lack of certain commodities that are required for the lives of humans. The word poverty comes from the French word “poverté” which means poor. Poverty is a state or condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living.

Types of Poverty:

 Poverty means that the income level from employment is so low that basic human needs can’t be met. Poverty-stricken people and families might go without proper housing, clean water, healthy food, and medical attention. Poverty has been associated, for example, with poor health, low levels of education or skills, an inability or an unwillingness to work, high rates of disruptive or disorderly behavior, and improvidence.

On the basis of social, economic, and political aspects, there are different ways to identify the type of Poverty:  Absolute poverty, Relative Poverty, Situational Poverty, Generational Poverty, Rural Poverty, and Urban Poverty.

1.    Absolute poverty: It is also known as extreme poverty or abject poverty, it involves the scarcity of basic food, clean water, health, shelter, education, and information. Those who belong to absolute poverty tend to struggle to live and experience a lot of child deaths from preventable diseases like malaria, cholera, and water-contamination-related diseases.

2.    Relative Poverty: It is defined from the social perspective that is the living standard compared to the economic standards of the population living in surroundings. Hence it is a measure of income inequality. For example, a family can be considered poor if it cannot afford food, education, clothing, vacations, and gifts for children.

3.    Situational Poverty: It is a temporary type of poverty based on the occurrence of an adverse event like an environmental disaster, job loss, and severe health problems.
People can help themselves even with small assistance, as poverty comes because of unfortunate events.

4.    Generational Poverty: It is handed over to individuals and families from one generation to the other. This is more complicated as there is no escape because the people are trapped in its cause and unable to access the tools required to get out of it.

5.    Rural Poverty:

 It occurs in rural areas with populations below 50,000. It is the area where there are fewer job opportunities, less access to services, less support for disabilities, and quality education opportunities. People are tending to live mostly on the farming and other menial work available to the surroundings.

6. Urban Poverty: It occurs in metropolitan areas with a population of over 50,000. These are some major challenges faced by the urban poor. Limited access to health and education, inadequate housing and services, unhealthy environment because of overcrowding, and little social protection mechanism.

 Eradication of Poverty:

“Overcoming poverty is not a gesture of charity. It is an act of justice. It is the protection of fundamental human rights. Everyone everywhere has the right to live with dignity, free from fear and oppression, free from hunger and thirst, and free to express them and associate at will.”

Poverty is a moral issue because it is not right that some people enjoy an affluent lifestyle, while so many lack educational opportunities, healthcare, housing, and adequate nutrition. The rights of the poor should be the same as the rights of the rich. Creating jobs and increase in daily wages, investing in affordable, high-quality child care and early education, and supporting pay equity are some steps to eradicate poverty from a country.